Prefabricated housing, also known as modular or panelized buildings, originated in the mid-20th century. After World War II, there was a pressing need for affordable and quickly assembled housing, especially in Europe and the United States, to accommodate large urban populations.Early prefabricated buildings primarily addressed post-war housing shortages, offering a fast and economical solution.The evolution of prefabricated buildings has undergone numerous technological innovations, evolving from simple panel constructions to more complex and durable modular buildings.
In the 1960s, advances in technology greatly improved the diversity and functionality of prefabricated buildings.Countries like Japan, the U.S., and various European nations began using sturdier materials with enhanced thermal and acoustic insulation,expanding the applications of prefabricated buildings beyond housing to include schools, hospitals, offices, and more. By the 21st century, construction technology had matured, and modular and mobile buildings gained mainstream acceptance. With the push for green building and sustainable development, prefabricated structures began incorporating eco-friendly materials and solar power systems.
In recent years, China has become a major global player in the prefabricated housing industry, serving as both a significant producer and exporter. Leveraging advanced manufacturing and assembly technology, China’s prefabricated housing industry meets domestic demand and supplies large-scale exports to various regions worldwide.Chinese companies have made strides in product innovation and technological advancement, making prefabricated buildings effective solutions for disaster relief and urban infrastructure. Additionally, the applications of prefabricated buildings continue to expand, covering earthquake-resistant housing, temporary shelters, and public infrastructure.
Today, prefabricated buildings are far more than temporary shelters. Modern prefabricated structures offer enhanced functionality and comfort, seeing wide application in both commercial and residential sectors. With the integration of smart technology, some prefabricated buildings now offer features such as home automation and energy management, transforming them into “smart buildings.”
In the future, with a growing emphasis on sustainable practices, the prefabricated housing industry will likely focus even more on environmental protection and resource conservation, offering diverse solutions to meet the needs of the global construction industry.